Category Archives: Volume 45(1) 2005

Die Gattung Conocybe in Finnland

Authors: Kytövuori, Ilkka & Hausknecht, Anton & Vauras, Jukka & Ohenoja, Esteri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 45 (2005), Issue 1, pages 1-32.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2005.401
Full text: PDF
Key words: Agaricales, Bolbitiaceae, Conocybe, Mycoflora of Finland

Abstract: In all 56 taxa of the genus Conocybe are presented from Finland. One variety,Conocybe hornana var. subcylindrospora, is described as new. Besides, C. ambigua, C. anthracophila, C. bispora, C. dumetorum var. dumetorum, C. echinata, C. farinacea, C. fimetaria, C. fuscimarginata, C. gigasperma, C. graminis, C. hexagonospora, C. hornana, C. intrusa, C. juniana var. subsejuncta, C. lenticulospora, C. microspora, C. moseri, C. pallidospora, C. pilosella, C. pseudocrispa, C. singeriana, C. subalpina, C. subovalis, C. subpallida, C. tuxlaensis, C. umbonata, and C. watlingii have not been recorded from Finland earlier. Nearby half of the presented taxa have been found only in the southern part of the country, but the collecting has been occasional, and most species of the genus occur in wide areas also elsewhere. The ecology of the genus show a broad scale, as well. The species of the genus are considered to be saprobes mainly growing in humus, seldom and occasionally on woody substrate (C. gigasperma, C. incarnata). Some species, such as C. farinacea, C. fimetaria, C. fuscimarginata, C. lenticulospora, C. pubescens, C. rickenii, C. singeriana, and C. watlingiigrow often on dung, but also C. albipes, C. juniana, and C. subovalis prefer habitats rich in nitrogen. C. brachypodii, C. juniana var. subsejuncta, C. pilosella, C. rickeniana, and C. subpubescens were found usually in forest or parks, the main part of the habitats of the collects being meadows and pastures. Several species, such as C. apala and C. tuxlaensis, seem to favour calcareous ground. A few finds (C. anthracophila, C. macrocephala, C. pallidospora, C. siliginea) are from burnt ground, but they can grow elsewhere, too. C. umbonata is a species found growing in glass houses exclusively.

Phenologically, the Conocybe species are rather uniform, e.g. C. hornana, C. pubescens, C. rickeniana, C. sienophylla, and Conocybe spec. I we have been found fruiting in Finland from June to October, C. anthracophila, C. brachypodii, C. fimetaria, C. mesospora, and C. subalpina from August to late autumn.

Insgesamt werden 56 Taxa aus Finnland vorgestellt. Eine Varietät, Conocybe hornana var. subcylindrospora, wird als neu beschrieben. Weiters werden C. ambigua, C. anthracophila, C. bispora, C. dumetorum var. dumetorum, C. echinata, C. farinacea, C. fimetaria, C. fuscimarginata, C. gigasperma, C. graminis, C. hexagonospora, C. hornana, C. intrusa, C. juniana var. subsejuncta, C. lenticulospora, C. microspora, C. moseri, C. pallidospora, C. pilosella, C. pseudocrispa, C. singeriana, C. subalpina, C. subpallida, C. tuxlaensis, C. umbonata und C. watlingii erstmals aus Finnland nachgewiesen. Beinahe die Hälfte der vorgestellten Taxa wurde nur im Süden Finnlands gefunden. Es ist aber nicht angebracht, daraus irgendwelche Verbreitungsmuster abzuleiten, da die Auswahl der Sammelgebiete rein zufällig war und die meisten Arten auch anderswo weit verbreitet vorkommen. Auch die Ökologie der Gattung zeigt eine weite Variationsbreite. Die Vertreter der Gattung Conocybewerden zu den Saproben gezählt, die im Humus, selten und nur gelegentlich auf Holz (C. gigasperma, C. incarnata) wachsen. Einige Arten, wie C. farinacea, C. fimetaria, C. fuscimarginata, C. lenticulospora, C. pubescens, C. rickenii, C. singeriana undC. watlingii, wachsen bevorzugt auf Dung oder Mist, aber auch C. albipes, C. junianaund C. subovalis lieben stickstoffreiche Habitate. C. brachypodii, C. juniana var.subsejuncta, C. pilosella, C. rickeniana und C. subpubescens warden gewöhnlich in Wäldern und Parks angetroffen, aber die meisten Vertreter der Gattung bevorzugen Weiden und Wiesen. Manche Arten, wie C. apala und C. tuxlaensis, scheinen Kalkböden zu bevorzugen. Einige wenige Funde (C. anthracophila, C. macrocephala, C. pallidospora, C. siliginea) wurden auf Brandstellen gemacht, sie können aber auch an anderen Standorten wachsen. C. umbonata wurde bisher ausschließlich in Gewächshäusern nachgewiesen.

Die Phenologie der Vertreter der Gattung Conocybe ist ziemlich einförmig, so wurden z. B. C. hornana, C. pubescens, C. rickeniana, C. sienophylla und Conocybe spec. I in der Periode von Juni bis Oktober, C. anthracophila, C. brachypodii, C. fimetaria, C. mesospora und C. subalpina von August bis zum Spätherbst gesammelt.

Cortinarius sordidemaculatus and two new related species, C. anisatus and C. neofurvolaesus, in Fennoscandia (Basidiomycota, Agaricales)

Authors: Kytövuori, Ilkka & Niskanen, Tuula & Liimatainen, Kare & Lindström, Håkan
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 45 (2005), Issue 1, pages 33-49.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2005.402
Full text: PDF
Key words: Cortinarius, Telamonia, Sordescentes, Fennoscandia, taxonomy, ITS, DNA, POY

Abstract: Two new species growing in the coniferous forests of Fennoscandia and related to Cortinarius sordidemaculatus Rob. Henry are described based on morphological and DNA data: C. neofurvolaesus Kytöv., Niskanen, Liimatainen & H. Lindstr., spec. nova and C. anisatus H. Lindstr., Kytöv. & Niskanen, spec. nova. C. furvolaesus H. Lindstr. is synonymized with C. sordidemaculatus. The distribution of each species in Fennoscandia is mapped, and their taxonomy, ecology, and relationships are discussed. These three species are preliminary placed in the section Sordescentes Melot.

 

Macrofungi in fire alleys in old quarters of Nurmes, Eastern Finland

Authors: Kokkonen, Katri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 45 (2005), Issue 1, pages 51-61.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2005.403
Full text: PDF
Key words: macromycetes, diversity, fire alleys, urban ecology

Abstract: This paper describes diversity of macrofungi in an old urban environment in Finland. Macrofungi were recorded in fire alleys amidst an old wooden house milieu in the town of Nurmes. The study of one mushroom season revealed a rich mycoflora: 208 species were found, including several rare ones. Location on an esker, along with conservative treatment, likely explains the high species richness.

 

Geastrum rufescens in the Åland Islands, SW Finland

Authors: Carlsson, Ralf & Hæggström, Carl-Adam
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 45 (2005), Issue 1, pages 63-68.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2005.404
Full text: PDF
Key words: Åland Islands, calcium, SEM, soil, spores, vascular plant flora

Abstract: Geastrum rufescens was found in four localities on the Åland Islands in 2002 and 2004. The species has not been recorded earlier on Åland, although numerous finds are known from the adjacent parts of Sweden, e.g. Uppland and Gotland, and a few from mainland Finland. The distribution of G. rufescens in the Nordic countries is briefly outlined and its ecology is discussed. The four localities on Åland with the accompanying vascular plant flora and the soil properties are described. The properties which distinguish G. rufescens are discussed.

 

Geastrum berkeleyi in the Åland Islands, SW Finland

Authors: Carlsson, Ralf & Hæggström, Carl-Adam
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 45 (2005), Issue 1, pages 69-72.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2005.405
Full text: PDF
Key words: Åland Islands, calcium, soil, spores, vascular plant flora

Abstract: Geastrum berkeleyi Massee was found in NE Åland in 2004. The species has not been recorded earlier on Åland or in Finland. Several finds are known from the adjacent parts of Sweden, e.g. Uppland and especially Gotland. The species is rare in central and western Europe. The distribution of G. berkeleyi in the Nordic countries is briefly outlined and its ecology is discussed. The locality on Åland with the accompanying vascular plant flora and the soil properties is described. The properties which distinguish G. berkeleyi are discussed.