Authors: Niemelä, Tuomo & Kotiranta, Heikki
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 31 (1991), Issue 2, pages 55-68.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1991.285
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Key words: Aphyllophorales, distribution, Finland, fungi, mapping, Polyporus

Abstract:  Distribution maps are presented for nine Polyporus species occurring in Finland. The commonest are P. brumalis (Pers.: Fr.) Fr. and P. ciliatus Fr.: Fr. A strictly southern species is P. badius (Pers.) Schw., which has been found in two places only, and to a lesser extent P. umbellatus (Pers.: Fr.) Fr.; both of these are classified as threatened. A widespread species with a southern emphasis is P. melanopus (Pers.: Fr.) Fr., from which P. tubaeformis Karst has been separated. P. pseudobetulinus (Pil.) Thorn, Kotiranta & Niemelä (syn. Piptoporus p.) has two localities in Finland and is considered to be threatened. P. squamosus (Huds.: Fr.) Fr. is sparsely distributed over the whole country and has two ecotypes, one growing on large park trees in old towns in the south, and the other a dwarfed kind inhabiting riparian thickets and having a northerly distribution. P. leptocephalus (Jacq.: Fr.) Fr. (P. varius (Pers.: Fr.) Fr.) has a similar dual ecology, occurring both on dead, old-forest aspen trunks and on living park trees of various genera. All the species cause a white-rot, and, except for some questionable records from conifers, grow exclusively on hardwoods. Only P. squamosus does significant harm as a pathogen, causing decay in park trees.

Authors: Härkönen, Marja & Saarimäki, Tiina
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 31 (1991), Issue 2, pages 31-54.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1991.284
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Key words: Africa, fungi, Myxomycetes, Tanzania, tropics

Abstract:  During the rainy seasons in May and December 1988 and in December 1989, Myxomycetes were collected in northeastern and southern Tanzania, with 53 species found. According to the literature, all are new to Tanzania, and the following seven are new to Africa: Didymiun bahiense Gottsb., Paradiachea cylindrica (Bilgram) Hertel, Physarum notabile Macbr., P. psittacinun Ditmar, P. superbun Hagelst., Tubifera bombarda (Berk. & Br.) Martin, and T. microsperma (Beck. & Curt.) Martin. A lectotype for Arcyria globosa Schw. is selected. Myxomycetes were more abundant in the montane forest belt than at other elevations, and no significant difference could be noticed in species composition between the two rainy seasons, May and December. Species belonging to the order Licheales were found only on decaying wood, and of the Physarales the majority of the specimens were found on litter.

Authors: Harmaja, Harri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 31 (1991), Issue 1, pages 29-30.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1991.283
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Key words: Anthracoidea irregularis, Carex pallens, Finland, nomenclature

Abstract:  As Carex pallens (Fristedt) Harmaja (Cyperaceae) has been recognized as a valid species, this sedge becomes the fourth principal Nordic host species known for the ovaricolous smut fungus Anthracoidea irregularis (Lira) Boidol & Poelt. Carex digitata L. x pallens is reported as a new host of A. irregularis. The smut has been found at six Finnish localities on C. pallens and at two on C. digitata x pallens. Both smut-host combinations are new to Finland. Anthracoidea irregularis U. Braun & Hirsch is considered an illegitimate name, being superfluous and a later homonym of A. irregularis (Liro) Boidol & Poelt.

Authors: Renvall, Pertti & Renvall, Tarja & Niemelä, Tuomo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 31 (1991), Issue 1, pages 13-28.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1991.282
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Key words: Boreo-continental, Finland, Northern Boreal, polypores, primeval forest, Skeletocutis lenis, threatened fungi, timberline

Abstract:  Seventy-seven polypores are listed from virgin forests in northeastern Finland, ten of which are classified as threatened in Finland. The host range and abundance of each species are given. The occurrences of threatened and also some abundant species are treated with special reference to their distribution and habitat ecology. Fungal species compositions of spruce, pine and birch forests are compared: 33 species were recorded growing on Picea abies subsp. obovata, 31 species on Pinus sylvestris and 24 species on Betula pubescens. The economically most harmful pathogenic polypores found in the swdy area were Climacocystis borealis (Fr.) Kotl. & Pouz., Fomes fomentarius (L.: Fr.) Fr., Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.: Fr.) Karst., Inonotus obliquus (Pers.: Fr.) Pil., Onnia leporina (Fr.) Jahn, Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.: Fr.) Karst. and Porodnedalea chrysoloma (Fr.) Fiass. & Niemelä Problems in estimating abundances of wood-rotting fungi are discussed. The term boreo-continental is proposed to replace the misinterpreted concept ‘taiga species’ for a northeastern distributional pattern. The ecological role of wood-rotting fungi in a northern ecosystem, and yearly variation in fruit-body emergence are discussed. A new combination Skeletocutis lenis (Karst.) Niemelä is proposed and the background of the combination is briefly discussed.

Authors: Renvall, Pertti & Renvall, Tarja & Niemelä, Tuomo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 31 (1991), Issue 1, pages 1-12.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1991.281
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Key words: Basidiomycetes, environmental change, Finland, Lapland, Northern Boreal, primeval forest, threatened fungi, timberline

Abstract:  Basidiomycetes, especially the wood-inhabiting fungi, were studied in the Värriö Strict Nature Reserve, the Urho Kekkonen National Park and adjacent areas in Finnish East Lapland, which contain some of the last remnants or primeval, Northern Boreal forest at and near the alpine and polar timberline. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the fungi, as indicated by their fruit body production, was studied in naturally regenerating virgin forests and the area of a fairly recent forest fire, special attention being paid both to species recognized as threatened in Finland and to potentially threatened fungi. The area is also affected by long-distance air pollution from the mining and metal industry in the western Murmansk Region, Russia. The main woody plants decayed by basidiomycetes in the region are Pinus sylvestris L., Picea abies (L.) Karsten subsp. obovata (Ledeb.) Domin and Betula pubescens Ehrh. subsp. czerepanovii (Orlova) Hämet-Ahti. A general biogeographical and ecological outline of the study area is presented.