Authors: Fiasson, Jean-Luis & Niemelä, Tuomo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 24 (1984), Issue 1, pages 14-28.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1984.224
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Abstract:  The relationships of the European poroid Hymenochaetales were assessed from an array of 20 characters: 14 morphological and microscopical features of the fruit body, cultural type and nuclear behaviour of the secondary mycelium, extractable styrylpyrone contents of the basidiocarp, electrophoretic protein patterns and type of enzymatic abi lity of the mycelium. Taxonomic information was retrieved in two ways: phenetic and phylogenetic.
As a result, the Hymenochaetales are divided into two suborders, Phaeolinae Fiasson & Niemelä and Hymenochaetinae Fiasson & Niemelä, the former comprising one family (Phaeolaceae Jül.) and the latter three (Hymenochaetaceae Donk, lnonotaceae Fiasson & Niemelä and Phellinaceae Jül.). The following genera are accepted to accommodate the European species which were formerly included in the genera of Inonotus and Phellinus: Inonotus Karst., Inocutis Fiasson & Niemelä (formerly the Inonotus rheades complex), Inonotopsis Parm., Phylloporia Murr. (P. ribis complex), Fomitiporia Murr. (P. robustus complex), Porodaedalea Murr. (P. pini complex), Ochroporus J. Schroet. (P. igniarius complex), Phellinidium (Kotl.) Fiasson & Niemelä (P. ferrugineofuscus and its allies), Phellinus Quél. (P. torulosus), Fuscoporia Murr. (P. ferreus and Its allies), and Fulvifomes Murr. (P. rimosus complex). Within these genera, 23 new combinations of species names are proposed. The concepts of the genera and families are emended, and the affinities of the Hymenochaetales to the other groups of fungi are discussed.

Authors: Jalkanen, Risto & Jalkanen, Esko
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 24 (1984), Issue 1, pages 12-13.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1984.223
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Abstract:  Appearance of small initials of Gyromitra esculenta (Pers.) Fr. was studied in a Central Finnish spruce forest in connection of semi-cultivation experiments. An earlier report on the occurrence of autumnal initials was confirmed. The small initials were marked and their development was followed by photographing them in both the autumn and spring. These nodules were as small in December as the nodules two years earlier in October. The initials developed into young fruit bodies under the snow in spring, but not during an unusually warm autumn. The observations support the theory that the fruit body production is regulated by a mycochrome-like pigment depending on day length.

Authors: Huhtinen, Seppo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 24 (1984), Issue 1, pages 1-11.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1984.222
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Abstract:  22 species of discomycetous fungi are reported from the timberline regions of Labrador, Quebec, Manitoba and Northwest Territories (Mackenzie District), Canada. Dasyscyphys leucostomus Rehm, Poculum firmum (Pers.: Fr) Dumont and Fimaria coprina Eckblad are new to North Amenca. Other interestmg records are Geopyxis cf. vulcanalis (Peck) Sacc. and Gloeotinia granigena (Quél.) T. Schumacher. The taxonomic status of Geopyxis majalis Fr. is discussed. The material includes possibly undescribed taxa of Dasyscyphella and Hyalopeziza.

Authors: Huldén, Larry
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 23 (1983), Issue 2, pages 31-136.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1983.221
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Abstract:  About 160 000 specimens of insects, belonging to 1 100 species, and a few millipedes, mostly from museum collections, were investigated with respect to the occurrence of ectoparasitic, laboulbeniaceous fungi in Finland and adjacent parts of the U.S.S.R. In all 166 species of insects (Coleoptera and Diptera) were found to be infested by 88 taxa of Laboulbeniales (81 species from Finland and 42 species from the U.S.S.R.), all are reported from the area for the first time. All the fungus taxa are illustrated and their distribution mapped. Twenty-four taxa are described as new for science: Cantharomyces aploderi n. sp., Dichomyces furcifer subsp. subarcticus n. subsp., Eucantharomyces fennoscandicus n. sp., Fanniomyces copromyzae n. sp., Hydrophilomyces arcuatus n. sp., Laboulbenia carelica n. sp., L. fennica n. sp., L. hastiana n. sp., L. kajanensis n. sp., L. murmanica n. sp., L. oodiphila n. sp., Monoicomyces oxyteli n. sp., Siemaszkoafennica n. sp., Stigmatomyces axystae n. sp., S. bottnica n. sp., S. chthonicus n. sp., S. dichaetae n. sp., S. hackmanii n. sp., S. manicatae n. sp., S. mantis n. sp., S. setacerae n. sp., S. subterraneus n. sp., Symplectromyces lapponicus n. sp. and S. rarus n. sp. Five other species are recorded for the first time from Europe: Laboulbenia compressa Thaxter, L. curtipes Thaxter, L. manubriolata Thaxter, Monoicomyces furcata Thaxter and Teratomyces brevicaulis Thaxter.
A short review is given of the morphology, host-parasite relationships, distribution, origin and taxonomy of the parasites of the Laboulbeniales. The general conditions for the occurrence of laboulbeniaceous parasites are discussed. The frequency of these parasites on insects in Northern Europe proved to be about 1 %, which is very low compared with the values for Central Europe, where the frequency is generally 10-35 %. The explanation appears to be that in the north the host populations are smaller, more scattered and living under more unpredictable climatological conditions, which lowers the probability of establishment, dispersal and survival of the parasites. This is probably also the reason why many parasites do not extend as far north as their hosts, though another explanation may be an alteration in the life cycle pattern of the host towards the north. In one case, at least, viz. Misgomyces dyschirii Thaxter on Dyschirius globosus (Herbst), the distribution of the parasite is apparently directly limited by certain climatological factors.
Preliminary results of investigations of Laboulbenia fennica occurring on whirligig beetles (Coleoptera, Gyrinidae) in several host populations in southern Finland have shown a very constant frequency of the parasite, with no seasonal variation. In contrast, investigations of the Laboulbeniales in Central Europe have revealed two different patterns of population dynamics with distinct seasonal fluctuations.

Authors: Niemelä, Tuomo & Ryvarden, Leif
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 23 (1983), Issue 1, pages 26-30.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1983.220
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Abstract:  A new polypore, Antrodiella citrinella Niemelä & Ryvarden, is described. It resembles A. semisupina (Berk. & Curtis) Ryv., but is more distinctly effused, has wider pores, smaller spores and a citric yellow colour. The species is reported from Norway (type), Finland, Poland and Yugoslavia, on Picea abies (all countries) and Abies alba (Poland only). Most collections were made beside dead fruit bodies of Fomitopsis pinicola (Swartz: Fr.) Karst., one adjoined Gloeophyllum odoratum (Wulf.: Fr.) Imaz., and were growing on brown-rot caused by them, although A. citrinella itself is considered to cause white-rot. The new species is illustrated, and the concept of the genus Antrodiella is discussed.

Authors: Niemelä, Tuomo & Kotiranta, Heikki
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 23 (1983), Issue 1, pages 15-25.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1983.219
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Abstract:  Distribution maps are presented for the following polypore species in Finland: Coltricia cinnamomea (Jacq.: S.F. Gray) Murrill, C. perennis (L.: Fr.) Murrill, Inonotopsis subiculosa (Peck) Parmasto, Inonotus dryophilus (Berk.) Murrill, I. hispidus (Bull.: Fr.) Karst. (new to Finland), I. obliquus (Fr.) Pilát, I. radiatus (Sow.: Fr.) Karst., I. rheades (Pers.) Karst., Onnia leporina (Fr.) Jahn, O. tomentosa (Fr.) Karst. and O. triquetra (Lenz) Imazeki. The host plants are listed for each species, the ecology and pathogenicity of the species are discussed, and an evaluation made of their economic importance as pathogens and wood-rotting fungi on merchantable timber and ornamental trees and shrubs. Of these the most harmful species are Inonotus obliquus (especially on birch) and Onnia leporina (on spruce).
The concepts of the genera are briefly discussed, and some author citations are altered to accord with the Code of Nomenclature enacted in 1981.

Authors: Koskela, Pentti
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 23 (1983), Issue 1, pages 13-14.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1983.218
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Abstract:  A new species of Hyphomycetes (Deuteromycotina), Arthrinium globosum Koskela, is described from Finland. It resembles most closely A. sphaerospermum Fuckel, from which it differs in having larger, more globose conidia with a hyaline rim in side view. A. globosum has been obtained only on Cyperaceae.

Authors: Huhtinen, Seppo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 23 (1983), Issue 1, pages 10-12.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1983.217
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Abstract:  Pseudorhizina sphaerospora (Peck) Pouz. and Poculum sydowianum (Rehm) Dumont are reported for the first time from Finland, each from two localities. Their descriptions are amended. New information is provided on the hyphal characters and the spore structure of P. sphaerospora. Further, the red in the stipe base is reported to be strongly fluorescent in UV light. Details are given of the excipular structure of Poculum sydowianum, e.g. the encrustation of the hyphae in the outermost layer, and new features are presented of the ecology. The article is illustrated with a photograph of the former species and microscopic drawings of the latter.

Authors: Härkönen, Marja & Uotila, Pertti
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 23 (1983), Issue 1, pages 1-9.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1983.216
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Abstract:  Bark collected from trees in 12 localities in West Turkey was used to establish 100 moist chamber cultures. The 116 Myxomycete specimens that emerged represented 30 species, none of which has been reported previously from Turkey, but almost all of which are known from adjacent countries. Three species could be determined to the genus only and possibly represent undescribed species. The morphological variation of some species is discussed, and the species composition is compared with that found by a similar method on plant material from North Europe and Gambia.

Authors: Koskela, Pentti & Turunen, Jarmo & Greus Hilkka
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 22 (1982), Issue 2, pages 49-52.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1982.215
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Abstract:  The majority of the dermatophytes (Moniliales, Deuteromycetes) from clinic patients m northern Finland identified in culture, 90 %, fall into three species, Trichophyton rubrum (Castellam) Sabourad, T. mentagrophytes (Robin) Blanchard and Epidermophyton floccosum (Harz) Langeron & Milochevitch, in order of current prevalence. This species range is identical to that found m the south of Finland. Cases of T. rubrum infection have increased particularly markedly in recent years.