Authors: Härkönen, Marja
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 2, pages 87-89.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.128
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Abstract:  A new species of Myxomycetes, Comatricha nannengae Härkönen, is described from N Norway and S Finland. It most closely resembles C. nigra (Pers.) Schroet., but differs from it in being smaller and having a complete surface net.

Authors: Niemelä, Tuomo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 2, pages 77-86.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.127
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Abstract:  The anatomy, distribution, pathology and cultural characters of Phellinus pomaceus (Pers. ex S. F. Gray) Maire are described on the basis of ca. 470 North European specimens. The main anatomical features separating the species from the P. igniarius complex are the subparallel dissepimental hyphae and thin-walled skeletals in the context. P. pomaceus is fairly common in hemiboreal and temperate southern Fennoscandia, but does not extend farther north. In this region, it occurs almost exclusively on Prunus species, mainly P. domestica L., P. cerasus L. and P. spinosa L., but it has been reported only twice from P. padus L., the commonest Prunus species in Fennoscandia. The cultural characters and anatomy show that P. pomaceus is taxonomically homogeneous in N Europe, except perhaps for a form growing on Crataegus.
A lectotype is selected for P. pomaceus, and the taxonomic position of some closely related taxa (Polyporus corni Velen., Fomes pomaceus f. crataegi Baxter, Fomitiporia prunicola Murr.) is shortly discussed.

Authors: Harmaja, Harri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 2, pages 73-76.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.126
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Abstract:  The author has found Peziza ovilla Peck (Pezizales), a species described from North America, in Kuusamo, northern Finland. This find is the first reported from Europe. The species is considered to belong to the genus Leucoscypha Boud. in its recently amended delimitation, and the following new combination is made: Leucoscypha ovilla (Peck) Harmaja. A description of L. ovilla is given, and the species is compared with the closely related L. rhodoleuca (Bres.) Svrček, type material of which has been examined. Both species possess exceptionally thick-walled excipular hairs, and their paraphysis cells contain four or two nuclei.
The nuclei of the cells of the apothecium of various species of Leucoscypha sensu lato, including the type species of the genus, are carminophilic. This feature, also observed previously in the genus, appears truly diagnostic of Leucoscypha and also supports the recently broadened delimitation of the genus.

Authors: Watling, Roy & Gregory, Norma M.
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 2, pages 59-72.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.125
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Abstract:  Species of Agaricales, consisting of all the major families are reported from Turkey and Iran; a few records are from Afghanistan. Collections of Conocybe pubescens (Gill.) Kuhn., Nolanea sericea (Merat ex Fr.) P.D. Orton, Panaeolus teutonicus Bride & Metrod and Podaxis pistillaris (L. ex Pers.) Morse from Kuwait, and Lentinus lepideus (Fr. ex Fr.) Fr. from Pakistan are noted in passing. Pleurotus eryngii Fr. ex DC. was recorded in donkey food from Afghanistan. Eighty five agarics, four boletes (one not identified to species) and twelve Gasteromycetes are listed along with seven records from other families (Auriscalpiaceae I, Bankeraceae I, Cantharellaceae 2, Clavariaceae I, Hydnaceae & Gomphaceae 3). Two Ascomycetes, Morchella esculenta Pers. ex St. Amans and Hypoxylon sassafras (Schw. ex Fr.) Curt. are recorded in an appendix. The most notable finds are Amanita valens Bull. ex Fr., Collybia fuscopurpurea (Pers. ex Fr.) Kumm. agg., Conocybe coprophila (Kuhn.) Kuhn., Cortinarius olivaceo-fuscus Kuhn., Inocybe gymnocarpa Kuhn., Lactarius acris (Bolt. ex Fr.) S.F. Gray, L. ruginosus Romagn., Leccinum quercinum (Pil.) Green & Watling, Lentinellus tridentinus (Sacc. & Syd.) Sing., Lentinus degener Kalchbr., Lepiota cygnea Lange, L. jubilaei Joss., Micromphale brassiocolens (Romagn.) P. D. Orton, Psathyrella agaves R. Mre., Rhodocybe mundula (Lasch) Sing., R. truncata (Schaeff. ex Fr.) Sing., Rhodophyllus (Eccilia) fanicus Romagn., Russula adulterina Fr. s. Melz. & Zvara, R. maculata Quél. and R. subfoetens Smith. Of particular note is the list of members of the Secotiaceae and Tulostomataceae which characterise arid areas; Schizostoma is apparently a new record from Iran. The list contains several other species evidently unrecorded for the countries documented, but caution must be exercised as our knowledge of the fungus floras of these regions is very poor. As much of the material lacked field data or was immature or both, some determinations are necessarily tentative. The fungal sociology of the areas however is indicated, as is the great potential of the mixed frondose/conifer woodland of Northern Turkey.

Authors: Harmaja, Harri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 1, pages 45-58.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.124
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Abstract:  What has been regarded as Helvella acetabulum (St-Am.) Quél. in Fennoscandia is shown to be a diverse assemblage of species. This is due partly to a collective species concept, partly to true misidentifications. Two new species are described: Helvella arctoalpina Harmaja and H. dryadophila Harmaja. The diagnostic characters, phenology and distribution of H. acetabulum s.str. and the two new species are presented; the concept of the first taxon is restricted to a large, rather pale, early southern species, while the other two are small, dark, late arctic-alpine species. Differences in anatomy, including some ‘new’ features, were observed between the species, and the usefulness of such characters at specific level in the genus Helvella St-Am. is emphasized.
Four quantitative cllaracters of H. acetabulum, H. arctoalpina and H. dryadophila were analysed statistically. The material for H. dryadophila was insufficient for comparison, but highly to fairly significant differences could be shown between the two other species.
H. pocillum Harmaja, described earlier, is reported as new to Norway, this being the second known collection of the species. H. palustris Peck, which does not belong to the acetabulum group, is a valid species occurring in northern Finland and new to this country.

Authors: Harmaja, Harri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 1, pages 40-44.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.123
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Abstract:  Contrary to the current concept, the type of Helvella solitario Karst. 1871 (Peziza solitario Karst. 1869, non Schwein. 1834) is shown to be conspecific with that of H. queletii Bres. 1882. The specific name given by Karsten has priority over the latter name, and is consequently the correct name for the species.
Part of the material treated under H. solitario by H. Dissing was, however, found not to be conspecific with the type. Such material turned out to represent a new species, which is described as Helvella conjusa Harmaja.
Some other synonymies in Helvella are presented and corrected.

Authors: Niemelä, Tuomo & Uotila, Pertti
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 1, pages 33-39.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.122
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Abstract:  Thirty-two species of Aphyllophorales, consisting of polypores, stereoid Corticiaceae and Schizophyllaceae, are reported from Turkey and Iran. The most notable finds are Stereum gausapatum (Fr.) Fr., S. insignitum Quél., Coltricia spathulata (Hook.) Murr., Phellinus tremulae (Bond.) Bond. & Borisov, Fistulina hepatica Fr., Daedaleopsis confragosa (Fr.) J. Schroet. s. lat., Lenzites warnieri Dur. & Mont., Podofomes trogii (Fr.) Pouzar, Buglossoporus pulvinus (Pers.) Donk and Incrustoporia nivea (Jungh.) Ryv. The list contains several species evidently recorded for the first time from Turkey or Iran.

Authors: Härkönen, Marja
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 1, pages 19-32.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.121
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Abstract:  Bark from living trees was periodically collected from three localities in southern Finland: from an urban, air-polluted park, a virgin forest and a managed forest, representing similar boreal coniferous forest areas. In moist chambers 19 species of Myxomycetes appeared on the pieces of bark. Eight are new to Finland: Echinostelium minutum deBary, E. cribrarioides Alex., Perichaena chrysosperma (Currey) A. Lister, Stemonitis pallida Wingate, Comatricha elegans (Racid.) G. Lister, Paradiacheopsis fimbriata (G. Lister & Cran) Hertel, P. solitaria (Nann.-Brem.) Nann.-Brem., Physarum pusillum (Berk. & Curt.) G. Lister. Six species were abundant: Echinostelium minutum de Bary, Arcyria pomiformis (Leers) Rost., A. cinerea (Bull.) Pers., Comatricha nigra (Pers.) Schroet., Enerthenema papillatum (Pers.) Rost. and Paradiacheopsis fimbriata (G. Lister & Cran) Hertel.
Slime moulds appeared on bark with a wide range of pH, 2-9. Some species, e.g. Comatricha nigra, seemed to prefer an acid substrate, others, e.g. Arcyria cinerea, a less acid one. Among the common species the incubation time needed for fructifications to develop varied from a couple of days to over 40 days. Bark from the urban locality yielded many fructifications but of only six species. Paradiacheopsis fimbriata was very common and formed large colonies in places inhabited by the lichen Bacidia chlorococca (Stenh .) Lett., which is highly resistant to atmospheric pollution. Bark from the virgin forest produced fewer fructifications, but of many more species (16). Bark from the managed forest had few fructifications and few species (5). With the moist chamber culture method no phenological variation can be shown.

Authors: Roivanen, Heikki
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 17 (1977), Issue 1, pages 1-18.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1977.120
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Abstract:  A list is given of 305 specimens (126 species) of ‘microfungi’ (Peronosporales, Uredinales, Ustilaginales, Ascomycetes, Fungi lmperfecti etc.) collected by the author between November 1969 and June 1970, mainly in southern Argentina and central Chile. The majority of species have cosmopolitan or bipolar distributions or are known to be typical and frequent in southern South America. Additions to the geographical distribution and notes on the abundance of infection are given for a considerable number of species insufficiently studied up to now. Many previous discoveries are confirmed, especially from the region of Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego. The following new taxa are described: Peronospora ranunculi-peduncularis Roiv. on Ranunculus peduncularis Smith, P. ranunculi-peduncularis var. ranunculiminutiflori Roiv. on Ranunculus minutiflorus Smith, Urocystis permagna Roiv. on Poa cf. oligeria Steudel, Septaria gregoria Roiv. on Adesmia campestris (Rendle) Rowl., Phleospora aenigmatica Roiv. on Gentianella magellanica (Gaud.) Fabris ex D. M. Moore, Anthracoidea Ortegae Kukkonen on Carex Ortegae Phil., and Cintractia andina Kukkonen on Schoenus andinus (Phil.) Pfeiffer.