Authors: Lindström, Håkan & Soop, Karl
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 35 (1995), Issue 2, pages 91-95.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1995.313
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Key words: Agaricales, Cortinarius, Telamonia, Picea mycorrhiza

Abstract:  Cortinarius testaceofolius H. Lindstr. & Soap, sp. nova is described from Sweden and Norway. The species is characterised principally by its conspicuous brick-red gills, and is associated with Picea abies, more rarely with Pinus sylvestris. It seems to be one of the most common members of subgen. Telamonia in oligotrophic spruce forests of the northern taiga region.

Authors: Dai, Yu-Cheng
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 35 (1995), Issue 2, pages 85-89.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1995.312
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Key words: China, polypores, taxonomy, Wrightoporia

Abstract:  A new polypore, Wrightoporia rubella Y.C. Dai, is described from Beijing, China. It is easily distinguished from the other species of the genus by its strongly developed, vinaceous rhizomorphs, pale brown context, generative hyphae without clamp connections and somewhat larger spores than in the other species. The differences between it and related species are discussed.

Authors: Fischer, Michael & Binder, Manfred
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 35 (1995), Issue 2, pages 67-84.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1995.311
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Key words: Betula, pairing tests, PCR, Phellinus, RFLP, speciation

Abstract:  Mainly based on collections from Fennoscandia, Estonia, and Central Europe, four species of the genus Phellinus Quél. (Hymenochaetaceae), all belonging to the P. igniarius (L. :Fr.) Quél. group, are shown to occur on Betula L. These species are P. nigricans (Fr.) P. Karsten, P. cinereus (Niemelä) Fischer, P. laevigatus (Fr. ex P. Karsten) Bourd. & Galz., and P. lundellii Niemelä. The occurrence of P. igniarius and P. alni (Bond.) Parm. on Betula remains in doubt. P. alni, P. nigricans, P. cinereus, P. laevigatus, and P. lundellii were characterized by pairing tests of single spore mycelia and RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) data of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA. A unique RFLP phenotype was assignable to each species except P. nigricans, which was identical with P. alni. Distribution of the taxa is throughout the area under study; however, P. nigricans seems to be limited to Fennoscandia. Two stocks from North America pro ed to represent P. cinereus. Pairing relationships between P. nigricans, P. cinereus, and P. alni were examined in detail and were found to differ according to the geographic origin of the stocks. P. nigricans was positive in numerous pairings with P. alni from Fennoscandia, Estonia, and Central Europe. In addition, it is positive with P. cinereus from Fennoscandia, but negative with P. cinereus from Central Europe, Estonia, and the United States. P. laevigatus and P. lundellii were intersterile with all other taxa.

Authors: Korhonen, Mauri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 35 (1995), Issue 2, pages 53-66.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1995.310
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Key words: Boletes, Fennoscandia, Leccinum, taxonomy

Abstract:  Three new species in the genus Leccinum are described, viz. L. populinum M. Korhonen, L. cerinum M. Korhonen and L. palustre M. Korhonen. Their morphological characters, ecology and distribution in Fennoscandia are discussed. In addition, L. quercinum (Pilát) E.E.Green & Watl., L. aurantiacum (Bull.) Gay, L. versipelle (Fr.) Snell, and L. holopus (Rostk.) Watl. are redescribed with more exact characters, to facilitate comparison with the new species.

Authors: Renvall, Pertti
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 35 (1995), Issue 1, pages 1-51.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1995.309
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Key words: brown rot, charred wood, community ecology, conservation, microclimate, Picea, Pinus, primeval forest, succession, threatened fungi, white rot, wood-rotting fungi

Abstract:  The succession and organization of wood-rotting Basidiomycetes, as indicated by their fruit body production, were studied on naturally fallen, decomposing trunks of Picea abies (L.) Karsten subsp. obovata (Ledeb.) Domin and Pinus sylvestris L. in northeastern Finland. The study area consists of northern boreal primeval forests that show no signs of forestry practices or wood utilization. Altogether 120 species of Basidiomycetes were found on Picea and 104 on Pinus. The species compositions varied with the following characteristics of the trunks: stage of decay, history of fungal infections preceding the tree fall, diameter and amount of bark. The structures of fungal communities were analysed by using DCA ordination and the divisive clustering technique TWINSPAN. The results indicate that wood-inhabiting fungi succeed each other according to a regular order and that they differ from each other in their association with microclimatic regimes, in their strategies in resource capture, in their competition ability during the wood decomposition, and in their species associates. Physical and chemical properties of the host tree species and the microclimate of the growth site govern the basic trends in the community development of wood-inhabiting fungi. The first steps in tree trunk decomposition greatly depend on the way the tree died. Primary decayers affect the composition of the fungi at later stages of decay, by opening successional pathways for specific groups of saprotrophs. It is concluded that the conservation of Lignicolous fungi can succeed only after comprehensive analysis of fungal community development and the achievement of a thorough understanding of the decomposition dynamics of fallen tree trunks.

Authors: Holm, Lennart & Holm, Kerstin
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 2, pages 65-78.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.308
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Key words: ascomycetes, checklist, Norway, pyrenomycetes, Svalbard

Abstract:  The list comprises 135 species, six of which are only referred to genus as possibly representing undescribed taxa. Twenty-three species are new to Svalbard. Several species, previously reported from the area but probably or surely in error, are listed in an appendix. Two new combinations are published, viz. Phaeosphaeria weberi (Oudem.) L. & K.Holm and Wettsteinina distincta (P. Karst.) L. & K.Holm.

Authors: Kurkela, Timo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 2, pages 61-64.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.307
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Key words: spore release, spore trap

Abstract:  A spore trap in which suction time, air flow, and time intervals may be varied is described. During each sampling interval, air spora are collected at the periphery of a standing drum, making discrete spore prints on an adhesiYe surface. At the end of the total sampling period, the tape is cut into small pieces and mounted for example in Kaiser’s glycerine for microscopy. This sampling device has proved especially useful in spore release studies.

Authors: Härkönen, Marja & Saarimäki, Tiina & Mwasumbi, Leonard
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 2, pages 47-60.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.306
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Key words: Africa, Amanita, edible mushrooms, ethnomycology, poisonous mushrooms, Tanzania, taxonomy

Abstract:  Three new species of Amanita, section Vaginatae, are described from Tanzania: A. tanzanica Härk. & Saarim., A. masasiensis Härk. & Saarim. and A. mafingensis Härk. & Saarim. These species are related to A. hemibapha (Berk. & Br.) Sacc., the tropical relative of A. caesarea (Scop. : Fr.) Pers. All the new species are considered edible by the local people and have a collective vernacular name in each tribe. They are often confused with the poisonous A. muscaria (L.: Fr.) Pers., which is abundant in exotic pine plantations, and mushroom poisonings, even fatal ones, occur.

Authors: Nordeloos, Machiel E. & Kosonen, Lasse
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 2, pages 43-45.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.305
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Key words: Agaricales, Basidiomycotina, Entolomataceae, Rhodocybe, Rhodocybe fuscofarinaceae, sp. nova

Abstract:  Rhodocybe fuscofarinacea Kosonen & Noordel., belonging to the section Rhodophana, is described as new from Finland. The differences between this and related taxa are discussed, and a key is presented to the European taxa in section Rhodophana.