Authors: Billekens, Peter
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 2, pages 34-41.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.304
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Key words: Aleuria bicucullata, Aleuria luteonitens, anatomical differences, Ascomycetes, Ascomycotina, Pezizales

Abstract:  On the basis of fresh material collected in the environs of Venlo (province of Limburg, The Netherlands), the author describes two species of the genus Aleuria which are extremely difficult to distinguish in the field. Microscopical studies proved this material to belong to Aleuria bicucullata (Baud.) Gillet and A. luteonitens (Berk. & Broome) Gillet. In the present paper these taxa are compared and contrasted in detail, with Table 1 listing the differences between them.

Authors: Ruotsalainen, Juhani & Vauras, Jukka
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 1, pages 21-34.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.303
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Key words: Agaricales, Basidiomycetes, Fennoscandia, Picea abies, Russula claroflava, R. fusconigra, R. groenlandica, R. intermedia, R. lundellii, R. olivobrunnea, taxonomy

Abstract: Russula olivobrunnea Ruots. & Vauras is described as a new species, known from Finland, Sweden, Norway and Austria. Its distribution in Fennoscandia is mapped, and its ecology and relationships are discussed. It is a boreal species growing with Picea abies in moist herb-rich forests. A neotype is selected for R. intermedia P. Karst., which is an older, legitimate name for the well-known species R. lundellii Singer. The distribution of R. intermedia in Finland is mapped. The new name R. groenlandica Ruots. & Vauras is proposed for R. claroflava var. viridis Knudsen & T. Borgen. The importance of examining pileipellis characteristics with the reagent fuchsin is emphasized, even those of the acrid yellow-spored Russula species.

Authors: Saarimäki, Tiina & Härkönen, Marja & Mwasumbi, Leonard
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 1, pages 13-20.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.302
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Key words: Africa, Agaricales, ethnomycology, Tanzania, taxonomy, Termitomyces singidensis

Abstract:  A new Termitomyces (Agaricales), T. singidensis Saarim. & Härk., is described and illustrated. Found in several localities near Singida town in central Tanzania, East Africa, it is collected for home consumption and offered for sale in local markets and on roadsides. Its resemblance to T. lanatus R. Heim, T. magoyensis Otieno, T. mammiformis R. Heim, and T. schimperi (Pat.) R. Heim is discussed.

Authors: Huhtinen, Seppo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 1, pages 5-12.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.301
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Key words: Discomycetes, Karsten, taxonomy, type studies

Abstract:  Peziza virella P. Karst. is shown to be conspecific with Amicodisca brdensis (Velen.) Svr. and a new combination, Amicodisca virella (P. Karst.) Huhtinen, is proposed. Peziza sordidula P. Karst. is placed in the genus Pseudohelotium Fuckel and is shown to offer an earlier name for Belonium vernale Velen. The genus Aleuriella (P. Karst.) P. Karst. is considered as distinct from Mollisia (Fr.) P. Karst. Aleuriella personata (P. Karst.) P. Karst. may offer an earlier name for Mollisia psilopezizoides Svrcek. Peziza perforata P. Karst. is shown to be a synonym of Tarzetta catinus (Holmsk. : Fr.) Korf & Rogers. Typification for each of the treated taxa is clarified.

Authors: Núñez, Maria
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 34 (1994), Issue 1, pages 1-3.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1994.300
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Key words: Aphyllophorales, Europe, Polyporus

Abstract:  Polyporus admirabilis Peck, a North American species, has recently been found in Norway. The species is described, and the differences between it and other, similar species are discussed. P. admirabilis resembles large specimens of P. varius, but spores are smaller and the microstructure of the pilear surface is different. The Norwegian finds derive from trunks of living Quercus petraea and Malus domestica.

Authors: Salo, Kauko
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 33 (1993), Issue 2, pages 61-99.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1993.299
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Key words: Basidiomycotina, Ascomycotina, macrofungus community, ecological group, mycorrhizal and saprophytic fungus, composition, structure, diversity, ordination, classification, boreal upland type forest, peatland, Finland

Abstract:  As part of the 7th Finnish National Forest Inventory (7NFI), a network of permanent sample plots was established in North Karelia, Finland in 1980. All basidiocarps of macrofungi on each sample plot, 100 sq.m in size, were collected, counted, weighed and identified in 1981-1984. The sample plots represent nutrient-poor mineral soil and peatland site types with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) (sometimes with downy birch, Betula pubescens, on mesic mineral soils and mires) as the dominant tree species. The mires include virgin, recently drained, transitional and old peatland drainage sites. The commercial forests have undergone intensive logging (clear felling and thinning) in the past few years, and some mires have been ditched and fertilized.
Altogether 316 species of fungi were determined: 232 species of macro fungi (Polyporales, Boletales, Agaricales, Russulales) representing 61 genera, 73.4% of all mycoflora; 49 species, representing 34 genera, of Aphyllophorales (15.5%); and other fungi incl. Ascomycotina, 35 species (11.1% ), representing 26 genera. The richest genera among the macrofungus species were Cortinarius (27 species), Mycena (19), Russula (16), Lactarius (15), Tricholoma (10), Hygrophorus (9) and Collybia (9). The 316 species of fungi that were identified were classified into three main ecological groups: mycorrhizal species according to their host tree species; saprophytic species (eight fertility groups according to what they usually acted upon); and parasites. Mesic forest site types had more versatile composition of mycorrhizal and saprophytic macrofungus species than did dryish and dry forest site types. Mycorrhizal macrofungus species accounted for more than 40% of all macrofungi in mineral soil forest and peatland site types. Drained peatland site types (especially pine bogs) had more macrofungus species than did virgin mires. TWINSPAN classification and DCA ordination were suitable in analysing the data on the macrofungi. The diversity of the macrofungi in mineral soil forest and peatland site types is discussed.

Authors: Härkönen, Marja & Saarimäki, Tiina & Mwasumbi, Leonard
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 33 (1993), Issue 1, pages 51-59.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1993.298
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Key words: Africa, Coprinus, edible mushrooms, ethnomycology, sisal, Tanzania

Abstract:  Coprinus cinereus s. lat. is commonly grown in waste heaps of sisal (Agave sisalana) processing factories in Tanzania. The local people utilize the fungus as a food crop all the year round. The taxonomic status of the Tanzanian Coprinus population needs further study.

Authors: Härkönen, Marja & Buyck, Bart & Saarimäki, Tiina & Mwasumbi, Leonard
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 33 (1993), Issue 1, pages 11-50.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1993.297
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Key words: Africa, Agaricales, ethnomycology, Russula, Tanzania, taxonomy

Abstract:  A brief introduction of the project on Tanzanian edible mushroom is given along with the main features of the soil and vegetation of the collecting sites. The importance of Russulaceae in Africa and the collected Russula species are discussed. Thirty-six specimens of Russula were collected between 1989-1991, and of this material, 21 species of Russula were identified. Nineteen species are reported from Tanzania for the first time. R. tenuithrix Buyck sp. nov., R. tanzaniae Buyck sp. nov., R. hiemisilvae Buyck sp. nov., R. sublaevis (Buyck) Buyck stat. nov. and nine other species were found in woodlands, R. usambarae Buyck sp. nov., R. acriannulata Buyck sp. nov. and five other Russula in lower montane forest. One species has been introduced in Pinus plantations. Along with a key to the collected Russula species, their systematic position, distribution and possible host trees are discussed and compared with earlier data from Tanzania and other African countries. A discussion on the edibility of Russula is also included.

Authors: Korhonen, Mauri & Hyvönen, Jaakko & Ahti, Teuvo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 33 (1993), Issue 1, pages 1-9.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1993.296
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Key words: Boletes, Finland, Larix, taxonomy

Abstract: Suillus clintonianus (Peck) Kuntze, earlier regarded as a dark red-brown form of S. grevillei (Klotzsch: Fr.) Singer, is shown to possess other distinctive morphological characters as well, and to have a wide distribution in Eurasia and North America. It is here proposed as a separate species. Both S. grevillei and S. clintonianus are ectomycorrhizal fungi of Larix, and often grow together, but the total distributions are different. S. grevillei f. badius (Singer) Singer is included in S. clintonianus.

Authors: Niemelä, Tuomo & Kotiranta, Heikki & Penttilä, Reijo
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 32 (1992), Issue 2, pages 81-94.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.1992.295
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Key words: Antrodiella sitchensis, Antrodiella parasitica, Ceriporiopsis balanae, Finland, Funalia trogii, polypores, taxonomy, threatened fungi, virgin forest

Abstract:  The polypores (Basidiomycetes) Antrodia sitchensis (Baxter) Gil b. & Ryv., Ceriporiopsis balaenae Niemelä and Funalia trogii (Berk.) Bond. & Singer are reported as new to Finland. Antrodiella parasitica Vampola is tentatively reported from Finland, but its taxonomy has not been sufficiently worked out. The macroscopic and microscopic characters of A. sitchensis are described and we propose that the species might fmd a natural placement in Fomitopsis or Amyloporia, rather than in Antrodia. The generic demarcation between Trametes, Funalia and Coriolopsis is discussed, and the critical difference is reported to lie in the reaction of the skeletal hyphae to Cotton Blue: Trametes is acyanophilous, Funalia and Coriolopsis cyanophilous. As a gradual transition exists between the characters of Funalia and Coriolopsis, we prefer to join these taxa in a single genus, Funalia. On this basis we accept the species currently known as Trametes trogii Berk. in Funalia. Perenniporia tenuis (Schw.) Ryv. var. pulchella (Schw.) Lowe was considered to be extinct in Finland, but has now been rediscovered. We compare it with Perenniporia tenuis var. tenuis, P. medulla-panis (Jacq.: Fr.) Donk, P. subacida (Peck) Donk, and P. fulviseda (Bres.) Dhanda. New Finnish records of the following rare species are listed: Antrodiella citrinella Niemelä & Ryv., Pilaporia sajanensis (Parm.) Niemelä, Polyporus pseudobetulinus (Pilát) Thorn et al., Skeletocutis lilacina David & Keller, and Tyromyces canadensis Overh. ex Lowe. The ecology and distribution of most of the species are discussed.