Authors: Niemelä, Tuomo & Kinnunen, Juha & Renvall, Pertti & Schigel, Dmitry S.
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 43 (2003), Issue 2, pages 37-44.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2003.391
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Key words: Aphyllophorales, Phellodon, hydnaceous fungi, taxonomy

Abstract: Phellodon secretus Niemelä & Kinnunen (Basidiomycota, Thelephorales) resemblesPhellodon connatus (Schultz : Fr.) P. Karst., but differs in having a thinner stipe, cottony soft pileus, and smaller and more globose spores. Its ecology is peculiar: it is found in dry, old-growth pine woodlands, growing in sheltered places under strongly decayed trunks or rootstocks of pine trees, where there is a gap of only a few centimeters between soil and wood. Basidiocarps emerge from humus as needle-like, ca. 1 mm thick, black stipes, and the pileus unfolds only after the stipe tip has contacted the overhanging wood. In its ecology and distribution the species resembles Hydnellum gracilipes (P. Karst.) P. Karst. It seems to be extremely rare, found in Northern boreal and Middle boreal vegetation zones, in areas with fairly continental climate.

Authors: Sunhede, Stellan & Vasiliauskas, Rimvydas
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 43 (2003), Issue 2, pages 45-53.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2003.392
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Key words: Biodiversity, decay, ecology, forest pathology, Inocutis dryophila, Lithuania, Quercus robur, compatibility

Abstract: The biology of Inocutis dryophila (Berk.) Fiasson & Niemelä was studied on Quercus robur L. in Lithuania, based on 22 host trees. Decay columns caused by the fungus in six oaks,120–180 years old, were examined in detail by dissecting the stems. Length of the decay columns in different trees varied between 4.8 and 11 m. Vegetative compatibility tests with the isolates indicated that each rot column comprised of a single genet of the fungus, and that the rot columns in different trees represented different genets. Basidiocarps of the fungus were recorded from 0.7 to 12.5 m above the ground. Infection routes, forestry, and biodiversity aspects are discussed. Colour photographs are shown of the basidiocarp, decay of different stages, and confrontation tests among cultivated mycelia of the same and different genets.

Authors: Yurchenko, Eugene
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 43 (2003), Issue 2, pages 55-65.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2003.393
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Key words: biocoenotic distribution, broadleaf-spruce forest, Corticiaceae, permanent plot, species assemblage, species diversity, southern taiga community

Abstract: In this paper distributional patterns and species composition of corticioid fungi (Corticiaceae s. l.) in forest ecosystems of Byarezinski Reserve were studied in permanent plots. The number of species per plot varies from 6 in oligotrophic bogs (Pino- Ledetum) to 47 in broadleaf-spruce forests (Querco-Piceetum). The cluster analysis of species lists revealed two main groups of biocoenoses with specific assemblages of fungi: southern taiga non-swamp coniferous forest and swamp forests dominated by alder and birch. The major factors determining biocoenotic preferences and species richness of fungi are number of tree and shrub species in community, coniferous/ deciduous hosts proportion, and soil humidity.

Authors: Spirin, Wjacheslav A. & Zmitrovich, Ivan V.
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 43 (2003), Issue 2, pages 67-82.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2003.394
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Key words: Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycetes, European Russia, polypores, rare species

Abstract: Antrodiella americana Ryvarden & Gilb., A. faginea Vampola & Pouzar, A. farinaceaVampola & Pouzar, A. foliaceodentata (Nikol.) Gilb. & Ryvarden, and A. incrustans(Berk. & M.A. Curtis ex Cooke) Ryvarden are discussed and illustrated. Antrodiella farinacea and A. incrustans are published as new to Russia; Gloeoporus amorphus (Fr.) Clem. & Shear var. vassilkovii Bondartsev is confirmed as a synonym of the latter. A key to the species of Antrodiella known from European Russia is provided. Distribution and substrates of Gelatoporia subvermispora (Pilát) Niemelä in European Russia are given. Gelatoporia griseoincarnata Spirin & Zmitrovich, spec. nov. is described as a wide-spored sib of G. pannocincta (Romell) Niemelä. Extremely rare Irpex semisupiniformis (Murrill) Saarenoksa & Kotiranta (=Junghuhnia semisupiniforme (Murrill) Ryvarden) is indicated as new to Russia; it is described and illustrated. On Populus suaveolens growing Oxyporus schizoporoides Zmitrovich & Spirin spec. nov. belongs to Oxyporus corticola-complex, but has wider spores than the North-American O. similis (Bres.) Ryvarden. Coriolus epileucus (Fr.) sensu Bondartsev is Pilatoporus ibericus (Melo & Ryvarden) Kotl. & Pouzar, species new to Russia. The genus Porpomyces Jülich is discussed, and two new combinations,Porpomyces albonigrescens (Núñez, Parmasto & Ryvarden) Spirin & Zmitrovich andPorpomyces balaenae (Niemelä) Spirin & Zmitrovich, are proposed. The latter is found in North-West Russia for the first time.

Authors: Watling, Roy & Niemelä, Tuomo & Härkönen, Marja
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 43 (2003), Issue 1, pages 1-8.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2003.388
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Key words: Boletus, Africa, ethnomycology, Tanzania, taxonomy

Abstract: Two very distinctive boletes from East Africa are described as new to science.Boletus spectabilissimus Watling has rich red pileus, stipe and pores; Boletus pallidissimus Watling has almost white pileus and contrasting olivaceous yellow pores and tubes. The two species were collected in the miombo area (Brachystegiawoodlands) of southern Tanzania. Closely related taxa in North America and South East Asia are discussed.

Authors: Hintikka, Eeva-Liisa & Korhonen, Mauri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 43 (2003), Issue 1, pages 9-12.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2003.389
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Key words: Cortinarius gentilis, toxicity

Abstract: The toxicity of Cortinarius orellanusgroup of mushrooms became apparent in the 1950ies. C. gentilis was considered toxic in Finnish mycological publications. The opinion was primarily based on the study by Möttönen et al. (1975) and on a case study by Hulmi et al. (1975), which papers were then cited in later publications. When the specimens on which the first-named study was based were rechecked, it turned out that the original material used for the rat feeding test by Möttönen with his co-workers was not adequately documented. In order to examine the possible toxicity of Finnish C. gentilis mushrooms, the present authors studied 28 samples of this species. An unspecific cell culture toxicity test and a feeding test on mice revealed no toxicity in C. gentilis.

Authors: Zmitrovich, Ivan V.
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 43 (2003), Issue 1, pages 13-36.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2003.390
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Key words: aphyllophoroid fungi, Basidiomycetes, Northwest Russsia, pleurotoid fungi, tremelloid fungi, Veps Forest Reserve, Veps Plateau

Abstract: The work summarizes our present-day knowledge on the aphyllophoroid, tremelloid and pleurotoid Basidiomycetes of Veps Plateau (Northwest Russia, eastern Leningrad Region). Earlier data carried out by the author as well as Finnish polyporologists are presented. Some new unpublished data are adduced, too. In total, 355 species are cited for the Veps Plateau; 19 of them are new to the area. Three species – Gloiothele lactescens (Berk.) Hjortstam, Hyphodontia efibulata J. Erikss. & Hjortstam, Crepidotus versutus (Peck) Sacc. – are new to Russia. Some rare and interesting species are described or discussed. The check-list contains information on localities, substrates and ecological preferences of the species; some herbarium vouchers (LE) are cited. A new combination is proposed asAntrodiella lenis (P. Karst.) Zmitrovich comb. nova (Physisporinus lenis P. Karst.).

Authors: Rikkinen, Jouko & Poinar, George O.
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 42 (2002), Issue 2, pages 29-32.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2002.384
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Key words: Fossil fungi, Dominican amber, palaeoecology, yeasts

Abstract: Hundreds of yeast-like fungal cells were found in a fragment of Dominican amber dating back to 15–45 million years ago. While yeast-like fungi are common and important in many extant ecosystems, fossils of these morphs have not been reported previously. All evidence indicates that the fossilised fungi lived in a moist tropical forest and utilised a fluid substrate, possibly plant exudate.

Authors: Harmaja, Harri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 42 (2002), Issue 2, pages 33-38.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2002.385
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Key words: ammonia fungi, Byssonectria, conidia, elk urine, Finland, Hyphomycetes, metapopulation, Peziza, Pezizales, Pseudombrophila

Abstract: The new form genus Alciphila Harmaja (Hyphomycetes) is described. It is characterized by (i) a superficial mycelium composed of voluminous hyaline hyphae, (ii) conidium development terminally in unspecialized hyphal ends, and (iii) large elongated brown aleurioconidia which possess a thick, complex wall with longitudinal ridges and a hyaline perisporium. The type and only species of the new genus is Alciphila vulgaris Harmaja, which is described as a new species at the same time. Judged from qualitative studies in the field and the herbarium, A. vulgaris occurs in a special ecological niche: on forest litter and mosses which have been impregnated by the urine of European elk (Alces alces L. ), accompanied by some species of the Pezizales (Ascomycetes). The species is reported from several localities in Finland and one in Norway. The interesting ecological niche concerned, a spot which has received elk urine, is discussed briefly.

Authors: Harmaja, Harri
Journal: Karstenia, Volume 42 (2002), Issue 2, pages 39-48.
Doi: https://doi.org/10.29203/ka.2002.386
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Key words: amyloidity, arthospores, Clitocybe, Cystoderma, Finland, Floccularia, gill trama, hygrophanity, Lepiota, nuclear DNA content, Ripartitella, Squamanita

Abstract: Lepiota lignicola P.Karst., is referred to Amylolepiota Harmaja, n. gen., as Amylolepiota lignicola (P.Karst.) Harmaja, n. comb. Clitocybe clavipes (Pers. : Fr.) P.Kumm. (as the type) and two related species are separated from the externally very similar Clitocybe(Fr.) Staude to form a new genus, Clavicybe Harmaja. Clavicybe differs from Clitocybe: (i) the spore surface appears rough with a high magnification, the anatomy deviates as (ii) the hygrophanity of the fruit body is different and (iii) the gill trama is irregular. A key to the species is given. 3 new nomenclatural combinations inClavicybe are made: C. avellaneialba (Murrill) Harmaja, C. clavipes (Pers. : Fr.) Harmaja, and C. squamulosoides (P.D.Orton) Harmaja. A third new genus,Cystodermella Harmaja, is described for a group of species with inamyloid spores segregated from Cystoderma Fayod. 12 new nomenclatural combinations inCystodermella are made: C. adnatifolia (Peck) Harmaja, C. ambrosii (Bres.) Harmaja, C. cinnabarina (Alb. & Schwein. : Fr) Harmaja, ( C. contusifolia (Pegler) Harmaja, C. cristallifera (Thoen) Harmaja, C. elegans (Beeli) Harmaja, C. granulosa (Batsch : Fr.) Harmaja (type species of Cystodermella), C. japonica (Thoen & Hongo) Harmaja, C. luteohemisphaerica (Dennis) Harmaja, C. myriadocystis (Heinem. & Thoen) Harmaja,C. sipariana (Dennis) Harmaja, and C. subpurpurea (A.H.Sm. & Singer) Harmaja. Special attention was paid to correct nomenclature and author citations.